Everything about The Kolbe-schmitt Reaction totally explained
The
Kolbe-Schmitt reaction/
Kolbe process (named after
Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe and
Rudolf Schmitt) is a
carboxylation
chemical reaction that proceeds by heating sodium phenolate (the
sodium salt of
phenol) with
carbon dioxide under pressure (100
atm, 125°C), then treating the product with
sulfuric acid. The final product is an
aromatic hydroxy
acid which is also known as
salicylic acid (the precursor to
aspirin).
By using the
potassium salt 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is accessible, an important precursor for the versatile
paraben class of
biocides used for example in personal care products.
Reaction mechanism
The Kolbe-Schmitt reaction proceeds via the nucleophilic addition of a phenolate to carbon dioxide to give the salicylate. The final step is reaction of the salicylate with acid to form the desired salicylic acid.
Further Information
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